GDP is the total value of all goods and services produced with in the bountry of a country with in a given period of time generally a year. The total production of resident citizens and foriegn nationals who resides with in the country are included.

GNP is the total value of total output or production of final goods and services produced by the nationals of a country during a given period generally a year. Here, the income of all resident and non resident citizens of the country is included. But the foreigners who resides with in the boundry of the country is excluded.

GNP=GDP+(X-M) here, X-export and M-import. Net Factor Income – X-M Net National Product – NNP is arrived after deducting depreciation from GNP. Depreciation means wean and tear of goods produced. NNP=GNP-Depreciation

In 1868, Dadabai Naoroji wrote a book named 'Poverty and Un British Rule in India' . He estimated percapita income of Indians as Rs.20. Followed by this other persons alos called in separate years

Fridlay Shirrus (1911) – Rs.49, Wadia & Joshi (1913-14) – Rs.44.3

First scientifically calculation was made by Dr.V.K.R.V.Rao in the year 1925-1929. He calculated percapita income of Indians as Rs.76.

1949, uder the chairmanship of Prof, P.C.Mahalanobis. National Income committee submitted its first report in 1951 and final report in 1954. The per capita income of Indians for the period 1950-54 was calculated as Rs. 246.90.

Central Statistical Organisation calculates percapita income in India. First calcuation by CSO was in 1956 .The year 1948-1949 was considered base years for the calculation.

The base year was changed for six times so far. 1960-61, 1970-71, 1980-81, 1993-94 and 1999-2000, 2004-2005.

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Mahbub-Ul-Huq and Amartya Sen

1990

Health, Education and Standard of Living

Three new indices were introduced they are Gender Equality Index, Multi Dimesnsional Poverty Index and Inequality – adjusted HDI

Minimum age for life expectancy at birth was reduced from 25 to 20, Maximum age for life expectancy was changed from 85 to observed value.